{
  "dataset": "AI SEO Rainmakers fact register",
  "site": "https://aiseo-course.wiki",
  "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0",
  "sources": {
    "ss_about": {
      "title": "About AI SEO Rainmakers",
      "publisher": "SEO.Stream",
      "url": "https://seo.stream/about/",
      "date": "verified 27 August 2026 (page's own note)",
      "kind": "official"
    },
    "ss_community": {
      "title": "The AI SEO Rainmakers Community",
      "publisher": "SEO.Stream",
      "url": "https://seo.stream/community/",
      "date": "verified 27 August 2026 (page's own note)",
      "kind": "official"
    },
    "ss_home": {
      "title": "SEO.Stream homepage",
      "publisher": "SEO.Stream",
      "url": "https://seo.stream/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "official"
    },
    "ss_cf": {
      "title": "Charles Floate",
      "publisher": "SEO.Stream",
      "url": "https://seo.stream/charles-floate/",
      "date": "verified 27 August 2026 (page's own note)",
      "kind": "official"
    },
    "skool": {
      "title": "AI SEO Rainmakers, public listing",
      "publisher": "Skool",
      "url": "https://www.skool.com/ai-seo-rainmakers/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "platform"
    },
    "cf_compare": {
      "title": "The Best AI SEO Course in 2026",
      "publisher": "Charles Floate, charlesfloate.com",
      "url": "https://www.charlesfloate.com/ai-seo-course",
      "date": "27 August 2026",
      "kind": "founder"
    },
    "cf_wiki": {
      "title": "Charles Floate",
      "publisher": "CharlesFloate.wiki (the founder's own reference page)",
      "url": "https://charlesfloate.wiki/",
      "date": "last edited 23 August 2026",
      "kind": "founder"
    },
    "charles_info": {
      "title": "Charles Floate: 18 Years of SEO, One Link",
      "publisher": "charles.info",
      "url": "https://charles.info/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "founder"
    },
    "cf_about": {
      "title": "About Me",
      "publisher": "charlesfloate.com",
      "url": "https://www.charlesfloate.com/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "founder"
    },
    "rev_aisr": {
      "title": "AI SEO Rainmakers Review: We Paid $269 and Counted Every Minute",
      "publisher": "AISEORainmaker.com editorial team",
      "url": "https://aiseorainmaker.com/review/",
      "date": "6 September 2026; rate ledger verified 16 September 2026",
      "kind": "independent"
    },
    "rev_aiie": {
      "title": "AI SEO Rainmakers Skool Review: I Paid Charles Floate $269",
      "publisher": "Ray Okafor, AI Insider Edge",
      "url": "https://aiinsideredge.com/ai-seo-rainmakers-skool-review/",
      "date": "2 September 2026, updated 7 September 2026",
      "kind": "independent"
    },
    "handwiki": {
      "title": "Company:AI SEO Rainmakers",
      "publisher": "HandWiki",
      "url": "https://handwiki.org/wiki/Company:AI_SEO_Rainmakers",
      "date": "last edited 3 September 2026",
      "kind": "tertiary"
    },
    "classroom": {
      "title": "Classroom capture inside the community",
      "publisher": "this site's editor (observed)",
      "url": "https://aiseo-course.wiki/courses/ai-seo-rainmakers/curriculum/#observed",
      "date": "16 September 2026",
      "kind": "observed"
    },
    "ledger": {
      "title": "AI SEO Rainmakers evidence ledger",
      "publisher": "AISEO-Course.wiki (this site's dataset)",
      "url": "https://aiseo-course.wiki/data/",
      "date": "latest row 27 September 2026, 06:25 UTC",
      "kind": "ledger"
    },
    "geo_paper": {
      "title": "GEO: Generative Engine Optimization",
      "publisher": "Pranjal Aggarwal, Vishvak Murahari, Tanmay Rajpurohit, Ashwin Kalyan, Karthik Narasimhan and Ameet Deshpande, arXiv:2311.09735",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.09735",
      "date": "submitted 16 November 2023",
      "kind": "research",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "rag_paper": {
      "title": "Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks",
      "publisher": "Patrick Lewis and others, arXiv:2005.11401",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11401",
      "date": "submitted 22 May 2020",
      "kind": "research",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "google_sge": {
      "title": "How Google is improving Search with Generative AI",
      "publisher": "Google, The Keyword",
      "url": "https://blog.google/products/search/generative-ai-search/",
      "date": "10 May 2023",
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "google_aio": {
      "title": "Google I/O 2024: New generative AI experiences in Search",
      "publisher": "Google, The Keyword",
      "url": "https://blog.google/products/search/generative-ai-google-search-may-2024/",
      "date": "14 May 2024",
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "openai_search": {
      "title": "Introducing ChatGPT search",
      "publisher": "OpenAI",
      "url": "https://openai.com/index/introducing-chatgpt-search/",
      "date": "31 October 2024",
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "google_aimode": {
      "title": "Expanding AI Overviews and introducing AI Mode",
      "publisher": "Google, The Keyword",
      "url": "https://blog.google/products/search/ai-mode-search/",
      "date": "5 March 2025",
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "google_aifeatures": {
      "title": "AI Features and Your Website",
      "publisher": "Google Search Central",
      "url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/appearance/ai-features",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "google_eeat": {
      "title": "Our latest update to the quality rater guidelines: E-A-T gets an extra E for Experience",
      "publisher": "Google Search Central Blog",
      "url": "https://developers.google.com/search/blog/2022/12/google-raters-guidelines-e-e-a-t",
      "date": "15 December 2022",
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "openai_bots": {
      "title": "Overview of OpenAI Crawlers",
      "publisher": "OpenAI Platform documentation",
      "url": "https://platform.openai.com/docs/bots",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "engine",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "llmstxt": {
      "title": "The /llms.txt file",
      "publisher": "Jeremy Howard, llmstxt.org",
      "url": "https://llmstxt.org/",
      "date": "3 September 2024",
      "kind": "research",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-27"
    },
    "study": {
      "title": "AI SEO Course Study dataset, version 1.0",
      "publisher": "AISEOCourse.study (sister reference dataset, CC BY 4.0)",
      "url": "https://aiseocourse.study/",
      "date": "16 September 2026",
      "kind": "dataset",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
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      "title": "AEO Fundamentals",
      "publisher": "HubSpot Academy",
      "url": "https://academy.hubspot.com/courses/aeo-fundamentals-certification-en",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_aeo-masterclass-ai-search-beyond-seo": {
      "title": "AEO Masterclass: AI Search Beyond SEO",
      "publisher": "Maven (course by Mostafa ElBermawy, NoGood)",
      "url": "https://maven.com/bermawy/ai-search-answer-engine-optimization",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-for-seo-training": {
      "title": "AI for SEO Training",
      "publisher": "Yoast Academy",
      "url": "https://yoast.com/academy/ai-for-seo-training/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-ranking": {
      "title": "AI Ranking",
      "publisher": "DataWise SEO (Nicolas Gorrono)",
      "url": "https://www.skool.com/ai-ranking/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-search-and-seo-mastery-course": {
      "title": "AI Search and SEO Mastery Course",
      "publisher": "Search Atlas",
      "url": "https://searchatlas.com/ai-search-seo-mastery-course/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-search-optimization-masterclass": {
      "title": "AI Search Optimization Masterclass",
      "publisher": "Surfer Academy",
      "url": "https://surferseo.com/academy/ai-search-optimization-masterclass/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-seo-and-geo-boost-your-brand-s-ai-visibility-professional": {
      "title": "AI SEO and GEO: Boost Your Brand's AI Visibility Professional Certificate",
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      "url": "https://www.coursera.org/professional-certificates/ai-seo-and-geo-boost-ai-visibility",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-seo-course-2026-from-zero-to-page-one-results": {
      "title": "AI SEO Course 2026: From Zero to Page-One Results (AEO, GEO)",
      "publisher": "Udemy",
      "url": "https://www.udemy.com/course/seo-get-to-number1-in-google-search/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-seo-mastery-pro": {
      "title": "AI SEO Mastery Pro",
      "publisher": "Caleb Ulku",
      "url": "https://www.skool.com/ai-seo-mastery-pro/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-seo-operators": {
      "title": "AI SEO Operators",
      "publisher": "Jonathan Boshoff (Skool community)",
      "url": "https://www.skool.com/ai-seo/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-seo-mastering-generative-engine-optimization": {
      "title": "AI SEO: Mastering Generative Engine Optimization (GEO)",
      "publisher": "SkillUp (on Coursera)",
      "url": "https://www.coursera.org/learn/seo-mastering-generative-engine-optimization-geo",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-seo-rank-expand-academy": {
      "title": "AI SEO: Rank Expand Academy",
      "publisher": "Rank Expand Academy (Jesse Cunningham, Skool community)",
      "url": "https://www.skool.com/rank-expand-academy/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_ai-visibility-essentials-with-semrush": {
      "title": "AI Visibility Essentials with Semrush",
      "publisher": "Semrush Academy",
      "url": "https://www.semrush.com/academy/courses/ai-visibility-essentials-with-semrush/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_answer-engine-optimization-course": {
      "title": "Answer Engine Optimization (AEO) Course",
      "publisher": "Ahrefs Academy",
      "url": "https://ahrefs.com/academy/aeo-course",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_certified-generative-engine-optimization-professional": {
      "title": "Certified Generative Engine Optimization Professional",
      "publisher": "GSDC (Global Skill Development Council)",
      "url": "https://www.gsdcouncil.org/generative-engine-optimization-certification",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_from-seo-to-aeo-optimizing-for-ai-led-search": {
      "title": "From SEO to AEO: Optimizing for AI-led Search",
      "publisher": "Jellyfish Training",
      "url": "https://www.jellyfish.com/en-us/training/courses/from-seo-to-aeo-optimising-for-ai-led-search",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_generative-ai-for-seo-be-the-1-answer-in-ai-search": {
      "title": "Generative AI for SEO: Be the #1 Answer in AI Search",
      "publisher": "SkillsBooster Academy (on Coursera)",
      "url": "https://www.coursera.org/learn/generative-ai-for-seo-be-the-1-answer-in-ai-search",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_geo-academy": {
      "title": "GEO Academy",
      "publisher": "Georion",
      "url": "https://georion.app/academy",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_introduction-to-generative-engine-optimization": {
      "title": "Introduction to Generative Engine Optimization (GEO)",
      "publisher": "The Open University (OpenLearn Create)",
      "url": "https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/course/view.php?id=15505",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_learning-ai-search": {
      "title": "Learning AI Search (The Free AI Search Optimization Roadmap)",
      "publisher": "Aleyda Solis (LearningAIsearch.com)",
      "url": "https://learningaisearch.com/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_mastering-search-and-ai-optimization": {
      "title": "Mastering Search and AI Optimization (SEO)",
      "publisher": "Reforge",
      "url": "https://www.reforge.com/courses/search-and-ai-optimization/details",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_optimize-pages-for-ai-search-with-geo-aeo": {
      "title": "Optimize Pages for AI Search with GEO/AEO",
      "publisher": "CXL",
      "url": "https://cxl.com/institute/online-courses/optimize-pages-for-ai-search-with-aeo-cohort/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_seo-enablement-answer-engine-optimization": {
      "title": "SEO Enablement: Answer Engine Optimization (AEO)",
      "publisher": "Conductor (Learning Center)",
      "url": "https://www.conductor.com/docs/platform/learning-center/tutorials/seo-enablement-answer-engine-optimization-aeo/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_seo-for-llms-course-proven-geo-strategies-to-optimize-for-ai": {
      "title": "SEO for LLMs Course: Proven GEO Strategies to Optimize for AI Search",
      "publisher": "Tech SEO Pro (MarketingSyrup SEO Academy)",
      "url": "https://techseo.pro/llms-seo/",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_the-ai-search-manual": {
      "title": "The AI Search Manual",
      "publisher": "iPullRank",
      "url": "https://ipullrank.com/ai-search-manual",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    },
    "c_the-seo-elite-circle": {
      "title": "The SEO Elite Circle",
      "publisher": "Julian Goldie (Goldie Agency)",
      "url": "https://www.skool.com/seo-mastermind-2356/about",
      "date": null,
      "kind": "provider",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-16"
    }
  },
  "facts": [
    {
      "id": "F001",
      "claim": "Name",
      "value": "AI SEO Rainmakers",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F002",
      "claim": "Type",
      "value": "Paid AI SEO training community; the publisher describes it as a community rather than a fixed video course",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F003",
      "claim": "Founder",
      "value": "Charles Floate",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F004",
      "claim": "Publisher",
      "value": "SEO.Stream, founded by Charles Floate in 2026; owns and operates seo.stream",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F005",
      "claim": "Platform",
      "value": "Skool, private group at skool.com/ai-seo-rainmakers",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F006",
      "claim": "Founded",
      "value": "August 2026",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F007",
      "claim": "Moderators",
      "value": "Kyler Patterson (Head of Growth at Semrush) and Rollo Unden (founder of RapidIndexer); neither holds ownership",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F008",
      "claim": "Ownership",
      "value": "Charles Floate owns and operates it through SEO.Stream; no outside partners, parent company or silent owners, per the publisher",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F009",
      "claim": "Name disambiguation",
      "value": "No connection to The Rainmaker Challenge, Rainmaker Agency, Rainmakers Productions or any other business using the word Rainmakers",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F010",
      "claim": "Pre-launch testing period",
      "value": "Eighteen months of testing AI search visibility, per the about page; the homepage and the founder's reference page say roughly two years",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F011",
      "claim": "Early access",
      "value": "15 August 2026: all 100 founding seats at $179 a month filled within hours",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F012",
      "claim": "Founding seats sell-out time",
      "value": "Seven hours",
      "src": "charles_info",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F013",
      "claim": "Public launch",
      "value": "17 August 2026: public doors open, founding rate closes, price ladder begins",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F014",
      "claim": "Public-launch timestamp",
      "value": "2026-08-17T09:00:00+07:00, in the homepage's countdown configuration",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F015",
      "claim": "Conflicting opening date",
      "value": "The founder's comparison page says the community opened on 10 August 2026 and was 17 days old on 27 August",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F016",
      "claim": "First live call",
      "value": "19 August 2026, 3.5 hours; Lab Experiment #001 launched on it",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F017",
      "claim": "Day seven",
      "value": "22 August 2026: passed 250 members with 301 posts published; price rolled to $259 a month",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F018",
      "claim": "Day ten",
      "value": "25 August 2026: entered the top 100 of Skool's overall leaderboards; combined churn, refunds and cancellations under 1%; more than 1,000 posts and comments a day",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F019",
      "claim": "The Zero Run",
      "value": "Began 26 August 2026: a public, pre-registered 30-day measurement of SEO.Stream's own AI search visibility, to be published whether or not the number moves",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F020",
      "claim": "Skool leaderboard claim",
      "value": "First place on Skool's August 2026 leaderboard for monthly recurring revenue growth, in launch week (publisher's claim)",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F021",
      "claim": "Engagement claim",
      "value": "100% member engagement rate recorded at day three of the public launch (publisher's claim)",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F022",
      "claim": "Reddit post",
      "value": "A 22 August 2026 post in r/DigitalMarketing described the group as better suited to intermediate or advanced users and called the level gating annoying; the poster's purchase is not verified",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Reported second-hand; not read directly by this site"
    },
    {
      "id": "F030",
      "claim": "Founding rate",
      "value": "$179 a month for the first 100 members, locked while they stay subscribed",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F031",
      "claim": "Ladder start",
      "value": "$199 a month for members 101 to 125, then $209, $219, $229 and on",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F032",
      "claim": "Ladder step",
      "value": "Rises $10 a month for every 25 new members and never comes back down; the joining rate is locked while subscribed",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F033",
      "claim": "Ladder cap",
      "value": "$299 a month at member 375, with a community vote before the cap is raised (homepage configuration: LADDER_CAP 299)",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F034",
      "claim": "Rejoining",
      "value": "A member who cancels and rejoins pays the price at that time",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F035",
      "claim": "Annual price",
      "value": "$1,990 a year as of 27 August 2026",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F036",
      "claim": "Refund policy",
      "value": "Seven days, money back, no questions asked; the member keeps every file downloaded",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F037",
      "claim": "Refund condition on the listing",
      "value": "Message before reaching Level 3",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F038",
      "claim": "Cancellation",
      "value": "One click inside Skool; no notice period, retention call or exit survey",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F039",
      "claim": "Seller's stated bundle value",
      "value": "$16,474 a month (seller's arithmetic)",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F040",
      "claim": "Paying-member count in the homepage source",
      "value": "MEMBERS_NOW 341, admins excluded, read 17 September 2026; under the published ladder that is the $289 block (members 326 to 350), matching the Skool listing",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F041",
      "claim": "Homepage price widget",
      "value": "On 17 September 2026 the homepage's visible price text read $219 a month while its own ladder configuration computed $289; the $219 is stale template text",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F042",
      "claim": "Rate blocks per an independent ledger",
      "value": "Members 326 to 350 pay $289; 351 to 375 pay $299 (verified 16 September 2026)",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F043",
      "claim": "Listing copy on the price",
      "value": "Next 25 lock $289 a month for life, then $299 plus",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F044",
      "claim": "Price paid by an independent reviewer",
      "value": "$269 on 2 September 2026",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F045",
      "claim": "Price paid by a second independent reviewer",
      "value": "$269 on the community's 22nd day, early September 2026",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F046",
      "claim": "Category comparison",
      "value": "$269 a month was more than three times most AI SEO communities the reviewer tracks",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F047",
      "claim": "Value-for-money scores",
      "value": "3.5 of 5 (AISEORainmaker.com); 4.7 of 5 (AI Insider Edge)",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F050",
      "claim": "Weekly call",
      "value": "3.5-hour live call every Wednesday, run personally by Charles Floate, recorded",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F051",
      "claim": "Call length on the homepage",
      "value": "The homepage describes the weekly call as over 90 minutes",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F052",
      "claim": "Measured call recordings",
      "value": "Three recordings of 1:10:39 (21 August), 1:13:30 (26 August) and 1:32:57 (2 September 2026), 3 hours 57 minutes in total",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F053",
      "claim": "Call slot",
      "value": "Wednesdays at 6 pm Thailand time (UTC+7); the founder stays until the last question is answered",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F054",
      "claim": "Daily feed",
      "value": "Members post in a daily feed and receive direct replies; the seller promises same-day answers",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F055",
      "claim": "Feed volume",
      "value": "More than 540 posts in the first three weeks across The Lab, New Intel, Builds, Wins and Questions",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F056",
      "claim": "Weekly downloadable",
      "value": "One new repo, prompt set, SOP or spreadsheet added to the tool library each week",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F057",
      "claim": "The Lab",
      "value": "Live experiments published with methodology, URLs, downloads and results",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F058",
      "claim": "Lab Experiment #001",
      "value": "A funded 90-day test of 13 PR services measured on AI citation return, $6,200 committed, release prices from $49 to $1,500",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F059",
      "claim": "New Intel",
      "value": "Private intelligence reports; the first is titled UGC Citations Falling Inside AI Overviews",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F060",
      "claim": "The Engine Room",
      "value": "Prompts, SOPs and frameworks, each tagged with a test date and a confidence rating",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F061",
      "claim": "The Machines (as sold)",
      "value": "Three downloadable repositories in week one: parasite-builder, build-agent and mini-brain, each given a stated value of $1,997",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F062",
      "claim": "Repositories found by reviewers",
      "value": "Four downloadable repos: an autonomous agent, a knowledge-graph engine (Brain Engine), a parasite SEO pipeline and a rank intelligence suite",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F063",
      "claim": "Operator",
      "value": "A self-hosted control plane shown in a 13-minute screen-share; released to members in monthly pieces through December 2026 rather than available at once",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F064",
      "claim": "CharlesGPT 3.1",
      "value": "Named on the Skool listing; delivered as a public custom GPT link, with a web version and a CLI described as roadmap items",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F065",
      "claim": "Site audits and teardowns",
      "value": "Named on the listing; a course for live audits and teardowns unlocks at Level 4 per reviewers",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F066",
      "claim": "Dark Library",
      "value": "Private library of gray-hat and black-hat material: parasite SEO, jailbreaking, vendor intelligence; level-gated by design",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F067",
      "claim": "Expected time commitment",
      "value": "Three to four focused hours a week",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F068",
      "claim": "Skill files drop",
      "value": "On 5 September 2026 the founder posted more than 100 AI SEO skill files into the feed",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F069",
      "claim": "Expert interviews",
      "value": "A Private Expert Interviews course with four listed guests; one interview (Metehan Yesilyurt, 51 minutes) published as of 4 September 2026",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F070",
      "claim": "Classroom as described by the seller",
      "value": "Five items on the about page: The Foundations to AI SEO (14 lessons, roughly 75 minutes), Advanced AI SEO (due October 2026), Vibe Coding for Digital Marketing and Business (35 lessons), Tools, Repos and Setup Guides, and Charles' Private Dark Library",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F071",
      "claim": "Classroom size on 27 August 2026",
      "value": "9 courses and 62 modules",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F072",
      "claim": "Classroom size on the founder's link page",
      "value": "10 courses and 70 modules (undated)",
      "src": "charles_info",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F073",
      "claim": "Classroom size measured by reviewers",
      "value": "10 courses and 45 published lessons as of 4 September 2026; 27 lessons are video",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F074",
      "claim": "Measured video runtime",
      "value": "6 hours 37 minutes across 27 video lessons; 3 hours 57 minutes of that is call recordings; the four taught courses total about 1 hour 46 minutes",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F075",
      "claim": "Foundations course as measured",
      "value": "9 lessons, 38 minutes of video, open at Level 1; four parts (Start Here, The Shift, The Levers, The Operation); ends with a seven-day plan and a tracking sheet",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F076",
      "claim": "Tools and Repos course",
      "value": "12 lessons, 20 minutes of video, Level 2; ten of the lessons are written pages and download links",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F077",
      "claim": "Vibe Coding course as measured",
      "value": "13 lessons, 49 minutes of video, Level 3; the build-along runs against a hand-made fixture rather than a live SERP",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F078",
      "claim": "Using CharlesGPT 3.1 course",
      "value": "Two written lessons, no video, Level 2",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F079",
      "claim": "Community Gold Vault",
      "value": "One lesson: a curated list of 18 member threads",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F080",
      "claim": "Certificate",
      "value": "The Foundations course ends with a scored AI visibility baseline, not a certificate; the founder lists the absence of a certificate as a downside",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F081",
      "claim": "Observed classroom tiles",
      "value": "Six course tiles visible on 16 September 2026: The Foundations to AI SEO; Tools and Repos plus Setup Guides (The Engine Room); Learn Vibe Coding For AI SEO; Advanced AI SEO; Using CharlesGPT 3.0; Live AI SEO Teardowns",
      "src": "classroom",
      "confidence": "observed",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F082",
      "claim": "Monthly additions",
      "value": "The listing advertises new courses and intel every month; the community page says one course drop or major update a month",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F083",
      "claim": "Retirement of tactics",
      "value": "The seller states that tactics that stop working are publicly retired rather than left up",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F090",
      "claim": "Level gating (seller)",
      "value": "Level 2: member chat and Vibe Coding; Level 3: Tools, Repos and Setup Guides; Level 4: Dark Library; Level 7: private WhatsApp group, mastermind tickets at cost, one free 30-minute consult a year",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F091",
      "claim": "Level gating (reviewers)",
      "value": "Level 1 (0 points): Foundations only; Level 2 (5): DMs, CharlesGPT, tools and repos; Level 3 (20): Vibe Coding and call recordings; Level 4 (65): live teardowns; Level 5 (155): Dark Library; Level 7 (2,015): the Level 7 Club",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F092",
      "claim": "Points",
      "value": "One like from another member equals one point; a member cannot pay to skip a level",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F093",
      "claim": "Speed of the climb",
      "value": "Level 2 took one comment; Level 3 took two more days of posting; seven of ten courses were open by day three",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F094",
      "claim": "Refund window and levels",
      "value": "Ordinary activity can reach Level 3 before day seven, which closes the refund window early under the listing's condition",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F095",
      "claim": "Level 7 consult value",
      "value": "The yearly 30-minute one-to-one in the Level 7 Club is priced by the founder at $1,499",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F096",
      "claim": "Admins",
      "value": "The listing showed 4 admins on 17 September 2026; both reviewers reported 3 in early September",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F100",
      "claim": "Intended audience",
      "value": "Working SEOs, agency owners, affiliate and lead-gen operators, in-house marketers and stack builders",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F101",
      "claim": "Not for",
      "value": "Complete beginners, anyone seeking a passive-income promise, people who want a course to finish rather than a method to run, and anyone who needs every tactic inside Google's published guidelines",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F102",
      "claim": "Beginner friendliness scores",
      "value": "2.8 of 5 (AISEORainmaker.com); 4.5 of 5 (AI Insider Edge)",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F103",
      "claim": "Methods statement",
      "value": "The material includes gray-hat and black-hat techniques outside Google's published guidelines; every play ships with a test date and a confidence rating",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F104",
      "claim": "Income claims",
      "value": "The publisher states it makes no income claims and no earnings projections; member results are individually verified and not typical",
      "src": "ss_about",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F105",
      "claim": "Named member outcome",
      "value": "James Humbled, a member since August 2026, closed a GBP 6,000 a month retainer with a car garage on a signed 12-month contract (publisher's account, said to be verified with the member)",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F106",
      "claim": "Members from named companies",
      "value": "The publisher says operators from Apple, Uber and Semrush answer questions in the feed",
      "src": "ss_community",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F107",
      "claim": "Homepage testimonials",
      "value": "The testimonials on the seo.stream homepage are from the founder's previous courses and training, per its footer",
      "src": "ss_home",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F110",
      "claim": "Reviews on 27 August 2026",
      "value": "5.0 from 28 reviews",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F111",
      "claim": "Reviews on 7 September 2026",
      "value": "5.0 from 31 reviews; 28 of the 31 reviewers joined in launch week (on or before 17 August); the median reviewer posted three days after joining; nine posted within a day; two reviews added since 1 September",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F112",
      "claim": "Review content",
      "value": "None of the 31 reviews reports a ranking, traffic figure, client win or dollar amount; none mentions the downloadable repos; two mention the weekly call; the median review is 27 words and 13 are under 25 words",
      "src": "rev_aisr",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F113",
      "claim": "Skool review rules",
      "value": "Only paying members can review; Skool prompts members at 30 days; 30 of the 31 reviewers were still subscribed on 7 September 2026",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F114",
      "claim": "Independent scores",
      "value": "4.8 of 5 overall from both paid-member reviews; sub-scores differ (content depth 4.5 and 5.0; community activity 4.4 and 5.0)",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F115",
      "claim": "Recognition claim",
      "value": "The founder's reference page says Alex Hormozi listed him first among fast action takers in an August 2026 update to a private Skool cohort, crediting the launch with $34,716 in monthly recurring revenue",
      "src": "cf_wiki",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F116",
      "claim": "Coverage outside the seller",
      "value": "As of 17 September 2026 the third-party record consists of two paid-member reviews with affiliate disclosures, a HandWiki entry, the founder's own reference page and reference sites; no news article or established SEO publication was found",
      "src": "handwiki",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F117",
      "claim": "Listing review dated 17 September 2026",
      "value": "A reviewer who waited a month before reviewing describes weekly updates, weekly calls and private expert interviews",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F118",
      "claim": "Founder's own downsides",
      "value": "No certificate; 17 days old on 27 August 2026 against providers with years of back catalog; the price only goes up; the call slot penalizes some time zones",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F120",
      "claim": "Founder biography (publisher)",
      "value": "British SEO consultant, educator and founder with 18 years in search, based in Koh Samui, Thailand; started at 12; built and sold two agencies before 21; trained more than 20,000 SEOs",
      "src": "ss_cf",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F121",
      "claim": "Birth",
      "value": "April 1996, Solihull, England",
      "src": "cf_wiki",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F122",
      "claim": "Early career",
      "value": "2013: first guest author published by Matthew Woodward; 2014: SEO Engineer at Foster SEO at 16, Head of SEO at SUSO Digital at 17; 2016: self-employed weeks before turning 18 and launched the God of SEO blog",
      "src": "ss_cf",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F123",
      "claim": "Google penalties",
      "value": "Two, in 2013 and 2016, while teaching black-hat techniques publicly; both teardowns published",
      "src": "ss_cf",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F124",
      "claim": "Charles Floate Training",
      "value": "Founded 2019; more than 25 courses, eBooks and webinars; top 100 seller on Gumroad",
      "src": "charles_info",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F125",
      "claim": "Books",
      "value": "Parasite SEO Secrets, The Six-Figure Freelance SEO and Omniscient OnPage SEO",
      "src": "cf_wiki",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F126",
      "claim": "PressWhizz",
      "value": "Chief marketing officer from 2024 to July 2026; revenue from $60,000 to $750,000 a month; stepped down keeping equity and a non-executive board seat; not a founder",
      "src": "ss_cf",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F127",
      "claim": "Other 2026 ventures",
      "value": "The SEO Awards (founder and head judge) and Shadow Ship Labs (AI product studio)",
      "src": "cf_wiki",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F128",
      "claim": "Consulting rates",
      "value": "$799 for a 15-minute call, $2,499 for a one-hour strategy session, $9,999 for a recovery analysis",
      "src": "charles_info",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F129",
      "claim": "Money Hat",
      "value": "The founder's stated position that white, gray and black hat are risk settings chosen from data and the client's risk appetite, not moral categories",
      "src": "ss_cf",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F130",
      "claim": "Verified profiles",
      "value": "charlesfloate.com, charles.info, charlesfloate.wiki, X (@Charles_SEO), LinkedIn, YouTube, AI SEO Rainmakers, Charles Floate Training",
      "src": "ss_cf",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F131",
      "claim": "Speaking",
      "value": "Roughly 50 presentations at about 40 conferences across five continents before stepping back; a return to BrightonSEO in 2026",
      "src": "cf_wiki",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F132",
      "claim": "Founder's audit of the market",
      "value": "Charles Floate's public comparison of AI SEO courses lists 18 named programs, scores them on his own rubric, and leaves Rainmakers unscored on conflict-of-interest grounds",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F140",
      "claim": "Skool interface versus sales copy",
      "value": "On 17 September 2026 the listing's interface read 357 members and 35 reviews while its sales copy read 354 members and 31 reviews",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F141",
      "claim": "Listing bullets",
      "value": "Weekly 1 on 1 AI SEO support from Charles Floate; live Q and A; every test with full methodology; tools, repos, site audits, CharlesGPT 3.1; new courses and intel every month; Dark Library and framework bonuses",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F142",
      "claim": "Online count",
      "value": "12 members online at 05:45 UTC on 17 September 2026",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F150",
      "claim": "Comparison set used by reviewers",
      "value": "AI Ranking (Nicolas Gorrono) $27 a month with a free tier, 694 paid and more than 7,400 total members; AI SEO Success Lab (Julian Goldie) free; AI Profit Boardroom (Julian Goldie) $59 a month, more than 3,000 members; figures as of early September 2026",
      "src": "rev_aiie",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F151",
      "claim": "Founder's named alternatives",
      "value": "18 programs with price, format, live access and skill level as stated on his comparison page on 27 August 2026",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F152",
      "claim": "Founder on free material",
      "value": "He recommends reading iPullRank's free AI Search Manual first and calls it the best free education in the category",
      "src": "cf_compare",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-17",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "F143",
      "claim": "Listing copy on 27 September 2026",
      "value": "Next 25 lock $299 a month for life, then $319 and up; the listing showed 4 admins and 17 members online",
      "src": "skool",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H001",
      "claim": "Origin of the term GEO",
      "value": "Generative engine optimization was formalized in the paper GEO: Generative Engine Optimization, first posted to arXiv on 16 November 2023",
      "src": "geo_paper",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H002",
      "claim": "GEO paper findings",
      "value": "The authors introduced GEO-bench, a benchmark of queries across domains, and reported that GEO methods can raise visibility in generative engine responses by up to 40%, with effectiveness varying by domain",
      "src": "geo_paper",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H003",
      "claim": "Retrieval-augmented generation",
      "value": "Retrieval-augmented generation combines a language model with a retrieval step over an external document index; described in a paper first posted in May 2020",
      "src": "rag_paper",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H004",
      "claim": "Search Generative Experience",
      "value": "Google announced generative AI in Search, offered as an experiment through Search Labs, on 10 May 2023",
      "src": "google_sge",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H005",
      "claim": "AI Overviews launch",
      "value": "Google announced on 14 May 2024 that AI Overviews were rolling out to everyone in the United States",
      "src": "google_aio",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H006",
      "claim": "ChatGPT search",
      "value": "OpenAI introduced ChatGPT search, answers with links to web sources, on 31 October 2024",
      "src": "openai_search",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H007",
      "claim": "AI Mode",
      "value": "Google introduced AI Mode as a Search Labs experiment on 5 March 2025, describing a query fan-out technique that issues multiple related searches across subtopics and data sources",
      "src": "google_aimode",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H008",
      "claim": "Google's position on optimization for AI features",
      "value": "Google Search Central states that SEO best practices remain relevant for AI Overviews and AI Mode and that there are no additional requirements or special optimizations necessary to appear in them",
      "src": "google_aifeatures",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H009",
      "claim": "Query fan-out in Google's documentation",
      "value": "Google's documentation says AI Overviews and AI Mode may issue multiple related searches across subtopics and data sources to develop a response",
      "src": "google_aifeatures",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H010",
      "claim": "E-E-A-T",
      "value": "Google added Experience to its quality rater concept of E-A-T in December 2022, making it E-E-A-T: experience, expertise, authoritativeness and trustworthiness",
      "src": "google_eeat",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H011",
      "claim": "OpenAI crawlers",
      "value": "OpenAI documents separate robots.txt user agents, including OAI-SearchBot for search and GPTBot for model training, each controllable independently",
      "src": "openai_bots",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H012",
      "claim": "llms.txt proposal",
      "value": "A proposal for a /llms.txt file giving language models a concise markdown guide to a website, published by Jeremy Howard on 3 September 2024",
      "src": "llmstxt",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H013",
      "claim": "Category dataset",
      "value": "27 AI SEO courses, communities and guides verified from their public pages on 16 September 2026 against eleven curriculum and format attributes",
      "src": "study",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H015",
      "claim": "AI Mode sources",
      "value": "Google described AI Mode as drawing on sources such as the Knowledge Graph, information about the real world and shopping data for billions of products",
      "src": "google_aimode",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-27",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H016",
      "claim": "Learning AI Search",
      "value": "Aleyda Solis's free roadmap launched in July 2025, is refreshed as new resources appear, and reached version 4 on 20 March 2026",
      "src": "c_learning-ai-search",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H017",
      "claim": "AI Search Manual update",
      "value": "The manual's change log shows a February 2026 update adding four chapters",
      "src": "c_the-ai-search-manual",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "H014",
      "claim": "HubSpot certification change",
      "value": "HubSpot's AEO certifications replaced its SEO certification on 25 June 2026",
      "src": "c_aeo-fundamentals",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C001",
      "claim": "AEO Fundamentals (HubSpot Academy)",
      "value": "Free (the companion Implementing AEO With HubSpot course is also free, but its practical exercises require Marketing Hub Professional or the standalone AEO tool). 7 lessons, 19 videos, about 2 hours 20 minutes of on-demand video with a certification exam; companion course Implementing AEO With HubSpot adds 7 lessons and 4 practical exercises. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_aeo-fundamentals",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C002",
      "claim": "AEO Masterclass: AI Search Beyond SEO (Maven (course by Mostafa ElBermawy, NoGood))",
      "value": "$499 one-time (per cohort). 2 live sessions of about 90 minutes each, next cohort October 28 to 29, 2026, lifetime access to recordings. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_aeo-masterclass-ai-search-beyond-seo",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C003",
      "claim": "AI for SEO Training (Yoast Academy)",
      "value": "Included with Yoast SEO Premium at $118.80 per year (ex VAT); also included with Yoast WooCommerce SEO, Yoast SEO for Shopify and Yoast SEO AI+. 10 video lessons across 3 modules, 2 to 6 hours, quizzes and suggested readings. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_ai-for-seo-training",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C004",
      "claim": "AI Ranking (DataWise SEO (Nicolas Gorrono))",
      "value": "$27/month. Skool community with two weekly live Q and A calls, a one-on-one onboarding call, self-paced classroom modules and bundled DataWise tool access. No certificate.",
      "src": "c_ai-ranking",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C005",
      "claim": "AI Search and SEO Mastery Course (Search Atlas)",
      "value": "$997 one-time. 8 modules of on-demand video, more than 30 lessons. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_ai-search-and-seo-mastery-course",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C006",
      "claim": "AI Search Optimization Masterclass (Surfer Academy)",
      "value": "Free. 7 modules, 20 video lessons, about 2 hours, final exam for certification. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_ai-search-optimization-masterclass",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C007",
      "claim": "AI SEO and GEO: Boost Your Brand's AI Visibility Professional Certificate (Coursera)",
      "value": "Included with Coursera Plus; subscription dollar amount not shown on the public page. 7-course series, about 2 months at 10 hours per week. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_ai-seo-and-geo-boost-your-brand-s-ai-visibility-professional",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C008",
      "claim": "AI SEO Course 2026: From Zero to Page-One Results (AEO, GEO) (Udemy)",
      "value": "$189.99 one-time (list price shown on the day; Udemy discounts vary); also included in the Udemy Personal Plan from $13 per month. 26 sections, 245 lectures, about 15 hours of on-demand video, assignments, 18 downloadable resources, lifetime access. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_ai-seo-course-2026-from-zero-to-page-one-results",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C009",
      "claim": "AI SEO Mastery Pro (Caleb Ulku)",
      "value": "$217/month or $1,497/year. Private Skool group (708 members) with two weekly live calls (rank-map reviews and software sessions), course library, one-on-one onboarding call, included software credits. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_ai-seo-mastery-pro",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C010",
      "claim": "AI SEO Operators (Jonathan Boshoff (Skool community))",
      "value": "Free. Free Skool community (about 4,200 members) with live office hours and strategy calls plus cloneable workflows. No certificate.",
      "src": "c_ai-seo-operators",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C012",
      "claim": "AI SEO: Mastering Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) (SkillUp (on Coursera))",
      "value": "Free to audit; certificate paid, included with Coursera Plus. 2 modules, about 4 hours, flexible schedule. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_ai-seo-mastering-generative-engine-optimization",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C013",
      "claim": "AI SEO: Rank Expand Academy (Rank Expand Academy (Jesse Cunningham, Skool community))",
      "value": "$99/month. Private Skool community with more than 220 video lessons, weekly live calls and daily coaching replies. No certificate.",
      "src": "c_ai-seo-rank-expand-academy",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C014",
      "claim": "AI Visibility Essentials with Semrush (Semrush Academy)",
      "value": "Free; certificate on passing the final assessment. 20 short video lessons (about 1 hour 20 minutes) mixing strategy, Semrush AI Visibility Toolkit walkthroughs and expert interviews, plus a final assessment. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_ai-visibility-essentials-with-semrush",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C015",
      "claim": "Answer Engine Optimization (AEO) Course (Ahrefs Academy)",
      "value": "Free. 12 pre-recorded video lessons, about 1 hour 26 minutes, no sign-up required. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_answer-engine-optimization-course",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C016",
      "claim": "Certified Generative Engine Optimization Professional (GSDC (Global Skill Development Council))",
      "value": "$400 single access (listed as reduced from $800); $600 bundle of 3 programs. Self-paced expert-led videos plus a certification exam with one free retake. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_certified-generative-engine-optimization-professional",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C017",
      "claim": "From SEO to AEO: Optimizing for AI-led Search (Jellyfish Training)",
      "value": "$549 per person, excluding tax. 1-day live online instructor-led class (next public date listed December 17, 2026); private team sessions available. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_from-seo-to-aeo-optimizing-for-ai-led-search",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C018",
      "claim": "Generative AI for SEO: Be the #1 Answer in AI Search (SkillsBooster Academy (on Coursera))",
      "value": "Free to audit; certificate paid, included with Coursera Plus. 8 modules, about 8 hours, part of the AI for Marketing and Sales specialization. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_generative-ai-for-seo-be-the-1-answer-in-ai-search",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C019",
      "claim": "GEO Academy (Georion)",
      "value": "Free. 12 lessons, more than 40 short videos plus written lessons, 40-question certification exam. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_geo-academy",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C020",
      "claim": "Introduction to Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) (The Open University (OpenLearn Create))",
      "value": "Free. 1-hour beginner short course with a free statement of participation. Certificate offered.",
      "src": "c_introduction-to-generative-engine-optimization",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C021",
      "claim": "Learning AI Search (The Free AI Search Optimization Roadmap) (Aleyda Solis (LearningAIsearch.com))",
      "value": "Free. Curated roadmap of free third-party guides, checklists and tool lists; no video lessons; version 4 updated March 20, 2026. No certificate.",
      "src": "c_learning-ai-search",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C022",
      "claim": "Mastering Search and AI Optimization (SEO) (Reforge)",
      "value": "Course page shows a free start; full Reforge membership is $1,995 per year on the pricing page. Standalone price not published. Self-paced, on-demand course with case studies and study materials. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_mastering-search-and-ai-optimization",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C023",
      "claim": "Optimize Pages for AI Search with GEO/AEO (CXL)",
      "value": "$299 one-time. 2-part online course sold as a one-time purchase; page copy describes it as a focused cohort sprint originally run live. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_optimize-pages-for-ai-search-with-geo-aeo",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C024",
      "claim": "SEO Enablement: Answer Engine Optimization (AEO) (Conductor (Learning Center))",
      "value": "Free. Online tutorial with 5 lessons plus an introduction and conclusion, with start and complete buttons for course credit. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_seo-enablement-answer-engine-optimization",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C025",
      "claim": "SEO for LLMs Course: Proven GEO Strategies to Optimize for AI Search (Tech SEO Pro (MarketingSyrup SEO Academy))",
      "value": "$497 one-time (shown as a limited-time price), lifetime access. 3 recorded training sessions with lifetime access plus 9 downloadable bonuses. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_seo-for-llms-course-proven-geo-strategies-to-optimize-for-ai",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C026",
      "claim": "The AI Search Manual (iPullRank)",
      "value": "Free (no price, paywall or purchase button; optional email delivery signup). 24-chapter web manual plus appendices, also delivered as an email series. No certificate.",
      "src": "c_the-ai-search-manual",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    },
    {
      "id": "C027",
      "claim": "The SEO Elite Circle (Julian Goldie (Goldie Agency))",
      "value": "$149/month. Private Skool group (703 members) with weekly live SEO hot-seat calls (recorded), direct message access, SOPs and case studies. Certificate not confirmed.",
      "src": "c_the-seo-elite-circle",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "verified": "2026-09-16",
      "note": null
    }
  ]
}